Lecture 5: Shifting Demand Curves
Summary
- Increase in demand shifts curve to right
- Decrease in demand shifts curve to left
- Six factors shift demand curve
- Effect of changing income depends on if the good is normal or inferior
- Effect of changing price of related good depends on if the two goods are compliments or substitutes
Shift in Demand Curve
Increase in Demand shifts demand curve to the right
Decrease in Demand shifts demand curve to the left
Six Factors that Shift Demand Curve
1. Income
All choices are dependant on income since it’s a limited asset.
Normal Good: Higher income, higher demand
- Smartphones
- Restaurant Meals
- Organic foods
Inferior Good: Higher income, lower demand
- Dumbphones
- Fast food
- Canned foods
2. Preferences
Preference changes may shift your personal demand curve, these reasons may include:
- Life-altering events (having a child means buying diapers)
- Marketing, fads, influencing (Kim Kardashian wore something, now everyone needs it)
- Social Pressure (People stop smoking cigarettes because it’s considered nasty)
- Season/Weather (people buy sunscreen in the summer)
3. Prices of Related Goods
Other goods may affect your demand on a particular good
Complimentary Goods: Goods that go well together
Demand of your good decreases if complimentary good price increases
- Cereal and Milk
- Car and Gas
Substitute Goods: Goods that replace each other
Demand for good increases if price of substitute good increases
- Xbox and Playstation
- Coke and Pepsi
4. Expectations
Expectations about future prices/suppy influence current demand
- If gas prices are high now and you think they will fall, you may wait a few days to buy gas
5. Congestion + Network Effects
The choices of others affect your demand and usefulness from that item
Network Effect: Good usefulness rises when people using rises
- Social media Congestion Effect: Good usefulness drops when people using rises
- Too many cars on the road, making a traffic jam
6. Type + Number of Buyers
Change in demographic may change market demand
Type of Buyer: When baby boomers age, retirement home demand will rise
Number of Buyer: Increase in population can increase demand
Shift vs Movement on Demand Curve
If only Price changes, movement on demand curve
- This is a change in quantity demanded
If other factors change, shift in demand curve
- This is a change in demand itself